This calculator is designed as an educational resource to help you visualize how different variables can impact your investment journey over time. While it’s a powerful way to explore potential outcomes, there are two important limitations to keep in mind.
Mathematical Modeling
This tool uses mathematical approximations (specifically, a deterministic model) to illustrate potential growth. In the financial industry, the gold standard for financial planning is a Monte Carlo simulation.
A Monte Carlo simulation runs thousands of random “what if” scenarios to account for the unpredictable nature of market returns. To ensure this web tool remains fast and accessible for everyone, we use a model that applies a constant geometric mean instead. This method accounts for the “drag” caused by volatility, but it doesn’t reflect the random sequence of returns you’ll experience in real life, known as “sequence of returns risk.” For a deeper analysis that accounts for specific market timing risks and complex cash flows, we recommend a professional consultation using full Monte Carlo modeling.
Tax Considerations
These projections don’t account for taxes. Because tax laws are incredibly complex and depend entirely on your individual situation (such as your income bracket, account types, location, etc.), we’ve omitted them to keep the focus on market variables. You should always consult with a qualified tax professional before making any significant financial decisions.
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(In today's dollars based on your inputs.)
IMPORTANT: These projections are purely hypothetical, do not reflect actual investment results, and are not guarantees of future performance. This calculator uses a deterministic model that applies a geometric mean approximation (accounting for volatility drag) based on the constant rates you input for returns, standard deviation, fees, and inflation. It does not run a randomized Monte Carlo simulation, nor does it account for sequence of returns risk or the impact of taxes. Because financial markets are highly unpredictable and experience non-normal distributions, your actual outcomes may vary significantly from these mathematical projections.
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